1. Design & Tooling
CAD/CAM systems design parts and dies.
Dies made from tool steel or carbide for durability.
Tolerances typically ±0.05mm achievable.
2. Material Selection
Sheets (0.1-3mm thickness) of steel, aluminum, copper, or alloys.
Surface finishes: galvanized, pre-painted, or bare metal.
3. Blanking
Initial cutting into rough shapes using:
Shearing (mechanical/laser)
Punching (progressive dies for complex shapes)
4. Forming Operations
Deep Drawing: Creating hollow shapes .
Bending: V-die/air bending for precise angles.
Punching/Notching: Hole/slot creation.
Embossing: Raised features for strength/decoration.
Trimming: Final edge refinement.
